Name
ADENOVIRUS INFECTIONS
DESCRIPTION
DETAIL
β’ Adenovirus (DNA viruses 60-90 nm in size with 47 known serotypes; 3 types cause gastroenteritis); difficult to eliminate from skin and environmental surfaces β’ Different serotypes have different epidemiologies Usually self-limited febrile illnesses characterized by inflammation of conjunctivae and the respiratory tract. Adenovirus infections occur in epidemic and endemic situations. β’ Common types . Acute febrile respiratory illness (AFRI) affecting primarily children . Acute respiratory disease (ARD) affecting adults . Viral pneumonia affecting children and adults . Acute pharyngoconjunctival fever (APC) affecting children, particularly after summer swimming . Acute follicular conjunctivitis affecting all ages . Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) affecting adults . Intestinal infections leading to enteritis, mesenteric adenitis and intussusception* Viral cultures from respiratory, ocular or fecal sources can establish diagnosis. Pharyngeal isolate suggests recent infection. * Antigen detection in stool for enteric serotypes is available * Serologic procedures such as complement fi xation with a four fold rise in serum antibody titer identifi es recent adenoviral infection * TISSUE CULTURE IF APPROPRIATE * X-RAY CHEST IF BRONCHOPNEUMONIA PRESENT
TYPENOTES
RISK FACTORS β’ Large number of people gathered in a small area (military recruits, college students at the beginning of the school year, daycare centers, community swimming pools, etc.) β’ Immunocompromised at risk for severe diseaseAPPROPRIATE HEALTH CARE : Ambulatory except for severely ill infants or those with epidemic keratoconjunctivitis or infants with severe pneumonia. Contact and droplet precautions during a hospitalization are indicated. GENERAL MEASURES Treatment is supportive and symptomatic. Infections are usually benign and of short duration.
RELATED DISEASE
Not Available Disease
DISEASE
INVESTIGATION
COMPLETE BLOOD COUNT, BIOPSY