CAUSES OF CARDIOMYOPATHY-
1. PRIMARY OR IDIOPATHIC
HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY
2. SECONDARY
* HYPERTENSIVE
* METABOLIC LIKE DIABETES, UREMIA
* RESTRICTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY DUE TO MYOCARDIAL FIBROSIS, HYPERTROPHY OR INFILTRATION LIKE AMYLOID, GLYCOGEN DIPOSITION & IN HEMACHROMATOSIS, ENDOMYOCARDIAL FIBROSIS, FABRYS DISEASE, EOSINOPHELIA, SCLERODERMA, MEDIASTINAL RADIATION, NEOPLASTIC INFILTRATION, SARCOIDOSIS
* MUSCULAR DYSTROPHIES LIKE DUCHENNES MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY
* DRUG INDUCED - DOXOBUBICIN, CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE, 5-FLUOROURACIL, COCAINE ABUSE
VARIETIES OF CARDIOMYOPATHIES :
* DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY - DUE TO VIRAL MYOCARDITIS, ISCHAEMIA, FAMILIAL, ALCOHOLIC, PREGNANCY, SELENIUM DEFICIENCY, HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA, HYPOCALCEMIA, THYROID DISEASE, COCAINE USE, CHR UNCONTROLLED TACHYCARDIA, RT. VENTRICULAR DYSPLASIA.
* RESTRICTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY :
DUE TO MYOCARDIAL FIBROSIS, HYPERTROPHY OR INFILTRATION LIKE AMYLOID, GLYCOGEN DIPOSITION & IN HEMACHROMATOSIS, ENDOMYOCARDIAL FIBROSIS, FABRYS DISEASE, EOSINOPHELIA, SCLERODERMA, MEDIASTINAL RADIATION, NEOPLASTIC INFILTRATION, SARCOIDOSIS
* HYPERTROPHIC - IDIOPATHIC HYPERTROPHIC SUBAORTIC STENOSIS OR HYPERTROPHIC OBSTRUCTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY
OTHER TESTS - * CARDIAC CATHETERIZATION & CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY TO EXCLUDE ISCHAEMIC HEART DISEASE.
* TRANSVENOUS ENDOMYOCARDIAL BIOPSY - SHOWING NONSPECIFIC INTERSTITIAL FIBROSIS & MYOCYTE HYPERTROPHY
* SKELETAL ( STRIATED ) MUSCLE BIOPSY - OFTEN MYOPATHY IS PRESENT
* ECG - MAY SHOW ATRIAL ARRHYTHMIA, ECTOPIC OR BUNDLE BRANCH BLOCK. Q-T INTERVAL MAY BE PROLONGED & POOR R-WAVE PROGRESSION & HYPERTROPHY.
* CHEST X-RAY - CARDIOMEGALY & PULMONARY CONGESTION
* ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY - BIATRIAL & BIVENTRICULAR DILATATION, SYSTOLIC & DIATOLIC DYSFUNCTION, MITRAL & TRICUSPID REGURGITATION